diff --git a/frontend/src/pages/Workflow/Definition/Designer/configs/nodeConfig.ts b/frontend/src/pages/Workflow/Definition/Designer/configs/nodeConfig.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..fbc60845
--- /dev/null
+++ b/frontend/src/pages/Workflow/Definition/Designer/configs/nodeConfig.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+import { NodeConfig } from '../types';
+
+export const NODE_CONFIG: Record<string, NodeConfig> = {
+    START: {
+        size: { width: 80, height: 80 },
+        shape: 'circle',
+        theme: {
+            fill: '#f6ffed',
+            stroke: '#52c41a'
+        }
+    },
+    END: {
+        size: { width: 80, height: 80 },
+        shape: 'circle',
+        theme: {
+            fill: '#fff1f0',
+            stroke: '#ff4d4f'
+        }
+    },
+    SHELL: {
+        size: { width: 200, height: 80 },
+        shape: 'rect',
+        theme: {
+            fill: '#e6f7ff',
+            stroke: '#1890ff'
+        },
+        extras: {
+            rx: 4,
+            ry: 4,
+            icon: {
+                'xlink:href': 'data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB0PSIxNzAzODQ4NTM1NDY5IiBjbGFzcz0iaWNvbiIgdmlld0JveD0iMCAwIDEwMjQgMTAyNCIgdmVyc2lvbj0iMS4xIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHAtaWQ9IjQxNjEiIHdpZHRoPSIyMDAiIGhlaWdodD0iMjAwIj48cGF0aCBkPSJNMTYwIDI1NnY1MTJoNzA0VjI1NkgxNjB6IG02NDAgNDQ4SDE5MlYyODhoNjA4djQxNnpNMjI0IDQ4MGwxMjgtMTI4IDQ1LjMgNDUuMy04Mi43IDgyLjcgODIuNyA4Mi43TDM1MiA2MDhsLTEyOC0xMjh6IG0yMzEuMSAxOTJsLTQ1LjMtNDUuMyAxNTItMTUyIDQ1LjMgNDUuM2wtMTUyIDE1MnoiIGZpbGw9IiMxODkwZmYiIHAtaWQ9IjQxNjIiPjwvcGF0aD48L3N2Zz4=',
+                width: 32,
+                height: 32,
+                x: 16,
+                y: 24
+            }
+        }
+    },
+    TIMER: {
+        size: { width: 200, height: 80 },
+        shape: 'rect',
+        theme: {
+            fill: '#fff7e6',
+            stroke: '#fa8c16'
+        },
+        extras: {
+            rx: 4,
+            ry: 4,
+            icon: {
+                'xlink:href': 'data:image/svg+xml;base64,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',
+                width: 32,
+                height: 32,
+                x: 16,
+                y: 24
+            }
+        }
+    },
+    GATEWAY: {
+        size: { width: 80, height: 80 },
+        shape: 'polygon',
+        theme: {
+            fill: '#f9f0ff',
+            stroke: '#722ed1'
+        },
+        extras: {
+            refPoints: '0,10 10,0 20,10 10,20'
+        }
+    }
+};
diff --git a/frontend/src/pages/Workflow/Definition/Designer/index.tsx b/frontend/src/pages/Workflow/Definition/Designer/index.tsx
index ca90a8fc..82022bac 100644
--- a/frontend/src/pages/Workflow/Definition/Designer/index.tsx
+++ b/frontend/src/pages/Workflow/Definition/Designer/index.tsx
@@ -21,6 +21,10 @@ import {NodeType, getNodeTypes} from './service';
 import {DeleteOutlined, CopyOutlined, SettingOutlined, ClearOutlined, FullscreenOutlined} from '@ant-design/icons';
 import EdgeConfig from './components/EdgeConfig';
 import { validateFlow, hasCycle } from './validate';
+import { generateNodeStyle, generatePorts, calculateNodePosition, calculateCanvasPosition } from './utils/nodeUtils';
+import { Position } from './types';
+import { NODE_CONFIG } from './configs/nodeConfig';
+import { isWorkflowError } from './utils/errors';
 
 const {Sider, Content} = Layout;
 
@@ -507,152 +511,67 @@ const FlowDesigner: React.FC = () => {
     const handleDrop = (e: DragEvent) => {
         e.preventDefault();
         const nodeType = draggedNodeRef.current;
-        if (!nodeType || !graphRef.current || !containerRef.current) return;
+        if (!nodeType || !graphRef.current || !containerRef.current) {
+            message.error('无效的节点类型或画布未初始化');
+            return;
+        }
 
-        // 获取画布相对位置
-        const rect = containerRef.current.getBoundingClientRect();
-        const point = {
-            x: e.clientX - rect.left,
-            y: e.clientY - rect.top,
-        };
+        try {
+            const rect = containerRef.current.getBoundingClientRect();
+            const matrix = graphRef.current.matrix();
+            
+            // 使用新的工具函数计算画布位置
+            const dropPosition = calculateCanvasPosition(
+                e.clientX,
+                e.clientY,
+                rect,
+                {
+                    scale: matrix.a,
+                    offsetX: matrix.e,
+                    offsetY: matrix.f,
+                }
+            );
 
-        // 获取画布缩放和平移信息
-        const matrix = graphRef.current.matrix();
-        const scale = matrix.a;
-        const offsetX = matrix.e;
-        const offsetY = matrix.f;
+            // 创建节点配置
+            const position = calculateNodePosition(nodeType.code, dropPosition);
+            const nodeStyle = generateNodeStyle(nodeType.code);
+            const ports = generatePorts(nodeType.code);
 
-        // 计算实际位置（考虑缩放和平移）
-        const position = {
-            x: (point.x - offsetX) / scale,
-            y: (point.y - offsetY) / scale,
-        };
-
-        // 创建节点
-        const node = graphRef.current.addNode({
-            x: position.x - (nodeType.code === 'SHELL' ? 100 : 40), // Shell节点宽度的一半，其他节点40px
-            y: position.y - 40,
-            width: nodeType.code === 'SHELL' ? 200 : 80,
-            height: 80,
-            shape: nodeType.code === 'GATEWAY' ? 'polygon' : (nodeType.code === 'SHELL' ? 'rect' : 'circle'),
-            attrs: {
-                body: {
-                    fill: nodeType.code === 'START' ? '#f6ffed' : 
-                          nodeType.code === 'END' ? '#fff1f0' : 
-                          nodeType.code === 'SHELL' ? '#e6f7ff' : '#f9f0ff',
-                    stroke: nodeType.code === 'START' ? '#52c41a' : 
-                           nodeType.code === 'END' ? '#ff4d4f' : 
-                           nodeType.code === 'SHELL' ? '#1890ff' : '#722ed1',
-                    strokeWidth: 2,
-                    ...(nodeType.code === 'SHELL' ? { rx: 4, ry: 4 } : {}),
-                    ...(nodeType.code === 'GATEWAY' ? { refPoints: '0,10 10,0 20,10 10,20' } : {})
+            // 创建节点
+            const node = graphRef.current.addNode({
+                ...position,
+                ...nodeStyle,
+                ports,
+                data: {
+                    type: nodeType.code,
+                    name: nodeType.name,
+                    config: {} as any,
                 },
-                label: {
-                    text: nodeType.name,
-                    fill: '#000000',
-                    fontSize: 14,
-                    fontWeight: 500,
-                    ...(nodeType.code === 'SHELL' ? { 
-                        refX: 0.5,  // 水平居中
-                        refY: 0.5,  // 垂直居中
-                        textAnchor: 'middle',  // 文本水平居中
-                        textVerticalAnchor: 'middle'  // 文本垂直居中
-                    } : {})
-                },
-                ...(nodeType.code === 'SHELL' ? {
-                    image: {
-                        'xlink:href': 'data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB0PSIxNzAzODQ4NTM1NDY5IiBjbGFzcz0iaWNvbiIgdmlld0JveD0iMCAwIDEwMjQgMTAyNCIgdmVyc2lvbj0iMS4xIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHAtaWQ9IjQxNjEiIHdpZHRoPSIyMDAiIGhlaWdodD0iMjAwIj48cGF0aCBkPSJNMTYwIDI1NnY1MTJoNzA0VjI1NkgxNjB6IG02NDAgNDQ4SDE5MlYyODhoNjA4djQxNnpNMjI0IDQ4MGwxMjgtMTI4IDQ1LjMgNDUuMy04Mi43IDgyLjcgODIuNyA4Mi43TDM1MiA2MDhsLTEyOC0xMjh6IG0yMzEuMSAxOTJsLTQ1LjMtNDUuMyAxNTItMTUyIDQ1LjMgNDUuM2wtMTUyIDE1MnoiIGZpbGw9IiMxODkwZmYiIHAtaWQ9IjQxNjIiPjwvcGF0aD48L3N2Zz4=',
-                        width: 32,
-                        height: 32,
-                        x: 16,
-                        y: 24
-                    }
-                } : {})
-            },
-            ports: {
-                groups: {
-                    top: {
-                        position: 'top',
-                        attrs: {
-                            circle: {
-                                r: 4,
-                                magnet: true,
-                                stroke: nodeType.code === 'START' ? '#52c41a' : 
-                                        nodeType.code === 'END' ? '#ff4d4f' : 
-                                        nodeType.code === 'SHELL' ? '#1890ff' : '#722ed1',
-                                strokeWidth: 2,
-                                fill: '#fff'
-                            }
-                        }
-                    },
-                    right: {
-                        position: 'right',
-                        attrs: {
-                            circle: {
-                                r: 4,
-                                magnet: true,
-                                stroke: nodeType.code === 'START' ? '#52c41a' : 
-                                        nodeType.code === 'END' ? '#ff4d4f' : 
-                                        nodeType.code === 'SHELL' ? '#1890ff' : '#722ed1',
-                                strokeWidth: 2,
-                                fill: '#fff'
-                            }
-                        }
-                    },
-                    bottom: {
-                        position: 'bottom',
-                        attrs: {
-                            circle: {
-                                r: 4,
-                                magnet: true,
-                                stroke: nodeType.code === 'START' ? '#52c41a' : 
-                                        nodeType.code === 'END' ? '#ff4d4f' : 
-                                        nodeType.code === 'SHELL' ? '#1890ff' : '#722ed1',
-                                strokeWidth: 2,
-                                fill: '#fff'
-                            }
-                        }
-                    },
-                    left: {
-                        position: 'left',
-                        attrs: {
-                            circle: {
-                                r: 4,
-                                magnet: true,
-                                stroke: nodeType.code === 'START' ? '#52c41a' : 
-                                        nodeType.code === 'END' ? '#ff4d4f' : 
-                                        nodeType.code === 'SHELL' ? '#1890ff' : '#722ed1',
-                                strokeWidth: 2,
-                                fill: '#fff'
-                            }
-                        }
-                    }
-                },
-                items: [
-                    { group: 'top' },
-                    { group: 'right' },
-                    { group: 'bottom' },
-                    { group: 'left' }
-                ]
-            },
-            data: {
-                type: nodeType.code,
-                name: nodeType.name,
-                config: {} as any,
-            },
-        });
+            });
 
-        // 选中新创建的节点
-        graphRef.current.cleanSelection();
-        graphRef.current.select(node);
+            // 选中新创建的节点并打开配置
+            graphRef.current.cleanSelection();
+            graphRef.current.select(node);
+            setCurrentNode(node);
+            setCurrentNodeType(nodeType);
+            form.setFieldsValue({ name: nodeType.name });
+            setConfigVisible(true);
 
-        // 打开配置抽屉
-        setCurrentNode(node);
-        setCurrentNodeType(nodeType);
-        form.setFieldsValue({
-            name: nodeType.name,
-        });
-        setConfigVisible(true);
+            message.success('节点创建成功');
+        } catch (error) {
+            console.error('Error creating node:', error);
+            
+            if (isWorkflowError(error)) {
+                message.error(`创建节点失败：${error.message}`);
+            } else {
+                message.error('创建节点失败：未知错误');
+            }
+
+            // 清理状态
+            setCurrentNode(undefined);
+            setCurrentNodeType(undefined);
+            setConfigVisible(false);
+        }
     };
 
     // 验证Shell节点配置
diff --git a/frontend/src/pages/Workflow/Definition/Designer/types.ts b/frontend/src/pages/Workflow/Definition/Designer/types.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c320ec19
--- /dev/null
+++ b/frontend/src/pages/Workflow/Definition/Designer/types.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+export interface Position {
+    x: number;
+    y: number;
+}
+
+export interface NodeConfig {
+    size: {
+        width: number;
+        height: number;
+    };
+    shape: 'circle' | 'rect' | 'polygon';
+    theme: {
+        fill: string;
+        stroke: string;
+    };
+    extras?: {
+        rx?: number;
+        ry?: number;
+        icon?: {
+            'xlink:href': string;
+            width: number;
+            height: number;
+            x: number;
+            y: number;
+        };
+        refPoints?: string;
+    };
+}
diff --git a/frontend/src/pages/Workflow/Definition/Designer/utils/errors.ts b/frontend/src/pages/Workflow/Definition/Designer/utils/errors.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7edb710e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/frontend/src/pages/Workflow/Definition/Designer/utils/errors.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+export class WorkflowError extends Error {
+    constructor(message: string, public code: string) {
+        super(message);
+        this.name = 'WorkflowError';
+    }
+}
+
+export class NodeConfigError extends WorkflowError {
+    constructor(message: string) {
+        super(message, 'NODE_CONFIG_ERROR');
+        this.name = 'NodeConfigError';
+    }
+}
+
+export class NodeCreationError extends WorkflowError {
+    constructor(message: string) {
+        super(message, 'NODE_CREATION_ERROR');
+        this.name = 'NodeCreationError';
+    }
+}
+
+export const isWorkflowError = (error: unknown): error is WorkflowError => {
+    return error instanceof WorkflowError;
+};
diff --git a/frontend/src/pages/Workflow/Definition/Designer/utils/nodeUtils.ts b/frontend/src/pages/Workflow/Definition/Designer/utils/nodeUtils.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..51b4b79f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/frontend/src/pages/Workflow/Definition/Designer/utils/nodeUtils.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+import { Position, NodeConfig } from '../types';
+import { NODE_CONFIG } from '../configs/nodeConfig';
+import { NodeConfigError } from './errors';
+
+interface CanvasMatrix {
+    scale: number;
+    offsetX: number;
+    offsetY: number;
+}
+
+export const calculateCanvasPosition = (
+    clientX: number,
+    clientY: number,
+    containerRect: DOMRect,
+    matrix: CanvasMatrix
+): Position => {
+    const point: Position = {
+        x: clientX - containerRect.left,
+        y: clientY - containerRect.top,
+    };
+
+    return {
+        x: (point.x - matrix.offsetX) / matrix.scale,
+        y: (point.y - matrix.offsetY) / matrix.scale,
+    };
+};
+
+const getNodeConfig = (nodeType: string): NodeConfig => {
+    const config = NODE_CONFIG[nodeType];
+    if (!config) {
+        throw new NodeConfigError(`No configuration found for node type: ${nodeType}`);
+    }
+    return config;
+};
+
+interface NodeStyle {
+    width: number;
+    height: number;
+    shape: 'circle' | 'rect' | 'polygon';
+    attrs: {
+        body: {
+            fill: string;
+            stroke: string;
+            strokeWidth: number;
+            rx?: number;
+            ry?: number;
+            refPoints?: string;
+        };
+        label: {
+            text: string;
+            fill: string;
+            fontSize: number;
+            fontWeight: number;
+            refX?: number;
+            refY?: number;
+            textAnchor?: string;
+            textVerticalAnchor?: string;
+        };
+        image?: {
+            'xlink:href': string;
+            width: number;
+            height: number;
+            x: number;
+            y: number;
+        };
+    };
+}
+
+export const generateNodeStyle = (nodeType: string): NodeStyle => {
+    try {
+        const config = getNodeConfig(nodeType);
+        return {
+            width: config.size.width,
+            height: config.size.height,
+            shape: config.shape,
+            attrs: {
+                body: {
+                    fill: config.theme.fill,
+                    stroke: config.theme.stroke,
+                    strokeWidth: 2,
+                    ...(config.extras || {})
+                },
+                label: {
+                    text: nodeType,
+                    fill: '#000000',
+                    fontSize: 14,
+                    fontWeight: 500,
+                    ...(nodeType === 'SHELL' ? {
+                        refX: 0.5,
+                        refY: 0.5,
+                        textAnchor: 'middle',
+                        textVerticalAnchor: 'middle'
+                    } : {})
+                },
+                ...(nodeType === 'SHELL' && config.extras?.icon ? {
+                    image: config.extras.icon
+                } : {})
+            }
+        };
+    } catch (error) {
+        if (error instanceof NodeConfigError) {
+            throw error;
+        }
+        throw new NodeConfigError(`Failed to generate node style for type: ${nodeType}`);
+    }
+};
+
+interface PortConfig {
+    groups: {
+        [key: string]: {
+            position: string;
+            attrs: {
+                circle: {
+                    r: number;
+                    magnet: boolean;
+                    stroke: string;
+                    strokeWidth: number;
+                    fill: string;
+                };
+            };
+        };
+    };
+    items: Array<{ group: string }>;
+}
+
+export const generatePorts = (nodeType: string): PortConfig => {
+    try {
+        const config = getNodeConfig(nodeType);
+        return {
+            groups: ['top', 'right', 'bottom', 'left'].reduce((acc, position) => ({
+                ...acc,
+                [position]: {
+                    position,
+                    attrs: {
+                        circle: {
+                            r: 4,
+                            magnet: true,
+                            stroke: config.theme.stroke,
+                            strokeWidth: 2,
+                            fill: '#fff'
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }), {}),
+            items: [
+                { group: 'top' },
+                { group: 'right' },
+                { group: 'bottom' },
+                { group: 'left' }
+            ]
+        };
+    } catch (error) {
+        if (error instanceof NodeConfigError) {
+            throw error;
+        }
+        throw new NodeConfigError(`Failed to generate ports for node type: ${nodeType}`);
+    }
+};
+
+export const calculateNodePosition = (nodeType: string, dropPosition: Position): Position => {
+    try {
+        const config = getNodeConfig(nodeType);
+        const { width, height } = config.size;
+        return {
+            x: dropPosition.x - width / 2,
+            y: dropPosition.y - height / 2
+        };
+    } catch (error) {
+        if (error instanceof NodeConfigError) {
+            throw error;
+        }
+        throw new NodeConfigError(`Failed to calculate position for node type: ${nodeType}`);
+    }
+};